Africa Resource Bulletin Vol. 1; No: 4

Diamond (Northern Cape, South Africa) Source: Wikimedia Commons

Compiled by Sreemayukha Nyayapathi

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South Africa Nigeria Algeria Angola Libya Egypt Ghana Democratic Republic of Congo

Zimbabwe Mozambique China in Africa

SOUTH AFRICA

South32’s Samancor Manganese to sell Metalloys smelter to South African company

Mining Weekly, June 13, 2024

“South32 subsidiary Samancor Manganese has entered into a binding agreement for the sale of the Metalloys manganese alloy smelter, in Gauteng, to Khwelamet, an entity jointly owned by Menar and Ntiso Investing Holdings.”

“Completion of the transaction is subject to certain conditions, including competition approval and regulatory approvals, which are expected to occur in the second half of the 2025 financial year, at which time the buyer will assume the assets and liabilities comprising Metalloys.”

South Africa’s gold output shrinks for 6th month in April

Trading Media, June 13, 2024

“Gold production in South Africa was reported to have contracted 1.7% year-on-year in April, or at a slower rate compared to the prior month (-4.3% YoY). April has been the sixth straight month of output decline, but the pace has been the softest since September 2023.”

“The nation’s total mining production grew 0.7% year-on-year in April, while recovering after a revised down 4.8% slump in March.”

South Africa’s Ramaphosa elected president, but coalition allies hold veto

Al Jazeera, June 14, 2024

“Late Friday night, Ramaphosa was elected as the country’s president in parliament. Under the unprecedented coalition agreement, the Democratic Alliance (DA) – the African National Congress’s (ANC) official opposition until now – and the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) voted for an ANC president for the first time.”

“The multiparty coalition was prompted after the ANC suffered its worst electoral decline in 30 years. The party holds 159 of 400 seats in parliament – short of the 201 seats needed to have a majority – after winning 40 percent of the vote in the country’s May 29 election.”

“The right-leaning DA, with 21 percent of the seats in parliament, will now be the ANC’s main partner in government with the support of the nationalist IFP. The parties agreed to an eight-page framework that will govern their unity government, including a clause stating that a decision could only be made if “sufficient consensus” was reached.”

South Africa’s ANC and opposition announce a unity government, in a big power shift

NPR, June 14, 2024

“Dubbed the government of national unity, this marks a seismic shift in South African politics, which has been dominated by the ANC since the end of apartheid 30 years ago. It aligns the party of the late legendary leader Nelson Mandela with its rival, the white-led, pro-business Democratic Alliance (DA) party. The coalition also includes the smaller Inkatha Freedom Party.”

“Steenhuisen addressed the press Friday calling the deal “a new chapter in our history” and noting that while the road ahead may be difficult, “the people have also told us that a time for a new politics of collaboration and problem solving has arrived.”

“The uMkhonto weSizwe party, or MK, was noticeably absent from proceedings, leaving a raft of empty seats. The newly formed populist party led by former President Jacob Zuma, once an ANC stalwart, said they were boycotting proceedings alleging — without providing proof — that the May 29 elections were rigged.”

“Local press and numerous South Africans on social media have also noted how maturely and calmly the ANC has handled their poor election results and subsequent negotiations — despite Zuma’s attempts to sow discord — making comparisons to the aftermath of the last U.S. elections and attack on the Capitol on Jan. 6, 2021.”

Reflecting on South Africa’s mining future

Cliffe Dekker Hofmeyr, June 14, 2024

“At the “Investing in Mining Indaba“ in Cape Town in February 2024 (CT Indaba), it was clear that South Africa was at a critical juncture owing to “global and domestic challenges” (as per South African President Cyril Ramaphosa). Globally, commodity price volatility, high energy prices, geopolitical tensions, and a global cost of living crisis continue to play a significant role in dampening the international business operating environment.”

“Domestically, the energy crisis and port and rail bottlenecks are putting serious pressure on miners’ operational costs. Regulatory uncertainty, illicit mining, cable theft, lack of maintaining infrastructure and ‘ vandalism place a further strain on mining output and returns.”

“South Africa‘s strength lies in its abundant mineral resources and skilled workforce. South Africa‘s mining industry needs to embark on a pragmatic and practical path to enhance the attractiveness of investing in the country. Investments can be attracted through: regulatory reform, sustainable mining practices and renewable energy integration, infrastructure investment and maintenance, etc.”

South Africa – like India – has rejected One Party, One Leader model

Indian Express, June 15, 2024

“South Africa may be the continent’s strongest and most industrialised economy. Yet, its power crisis, with frequent load-shedding and blackouts, has defied a solution.”

“An Indian diplomat in Pretoria told, “Almost all the impressive infrastructure you see in South Africa was built during the White rule. The contribution of ANC governments thereafter hasn’t been much.”

“Youth unemployment, mostly affecting the majority Black community (81.4 per cent of the country’s population) stands at a staggering 32 per cent. Nearly two-thirds of black South Africans live in poverty. In contrast, only 1 per cent of white South Africans (7.3 per cent of the population) are poor.”

“Whites own 72 per cent of agricultural land, and their domination over the financial sector and mineral business continues to be unassailable.”

“Voter turnout in 1994 was 86 per cent. In 2024, it fell to 58 per cent. “A huge chunk of traditional Black supporters of the ANC simply did not come out to vote. ANC took its voters for granted, and has paid the price,”

“Another factor has debilitated Mandela’s party. As has happened to the Congress in India, the ANC has suffered several splits due to internal power struggles.”

“Indians suffered heavily in the race riots in July 2021, when Zuma’s supporters went on a rampage following his imprisonment for contempt of court.” Indians once firmly supported the ANC, but their political disempowerment in recent decades is a sad story.”

“Nevertheless, black majoritarianism and radicalism are as harmful to South Africa as Hindu majoritarianism and radicalism are to India, and Muslim majoritarianism and radicalism are to Pakistan. Therefore, just as in India, the various social groups must learn to respect diversity while remaining committed to national unity and collective progress.”

“Since 1994, our society has never been as polarised as it is today.”

Russia-Ukraine war: Saudi Arabia, India and South Africa among countries opting out of Ukraine declaration – as it happened

The Guardian, June 16, 2024

“Saudi Arabia, India, South Africa, Thailand, Indonesia, Mexico and the United Arab Emirates were among countries participating at a summit on peace for Ukraine that did not sign a final communique, the Swiss government has said, Reuters reports. Brazil, which attended the summit as an “observer” country, did not sign on, but Turkey — which has sought a role as intermediary between Russia and Ukraine — did.”

“The vast majority – 80 of the 90 or so countries taking part – did sign the communique. The statement reiterated that Ukraine’s “territorial integrity” should be respected in any peace deal to end the war.”

“The final document also called for all prisoners of war to be released in a “complete exchange” and for all Ukrainian children who had been “deported and unlawfully displaced” to be returned to Ukraine.”

“And the countries also called for Ukraine to have “full sovereign control” over the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant. Volodymyr Zelenskiy said the participants at this weekend’s peace summit had agreed to continue working in special groups afterwards and that once “action plans for peace” were ready, a path to a second summit would be open.”

“US national security adviser Jake Sullivan on Sunday dismissed a peace proposal presented by Russia’s president Vladimir Putin as unreasonable, saying meeting Moscow’s demands would make Kyiv even more vulnerable to further aggression.”

“Canada plans to host a gathering of foreign ministers in the coming months to advance work on the human cost of the war in Ukraine, Canadian prime minister Justin Trudeau said. Hostages held at a detention centre in Russia’s southern region of Rostov by detainees affiliated with Isis were released unharmed and their captors killed after special forces stormed the facility. It was not immediately clear how many of the six hostage-takers had been killed.”

“Kyiv held its first LGBTQ+ pride march since Russia’s full-scale invasion in 2022. Several hundred LGBTQ+ Ukrainian servicemen and women and their supporters marched in central Kyiv to demand more rights and highlight their service to their country in its war with Russia.”

South Africans are turning to gold

Business Tech, June 16, 2024

“There is increased demand for Krugerrands amongst South African consumers amid the high price of gold. FNB said that it has helped deliver over 2,200 Krugerrands on its trading platforms as consumers embrace alternative asset classes to diversify their portfolios.”

“Krugerrands are linked to the international value of gold, which means that the investment is protected from local currency volatility and devaluation. Therefore, this makes it a global asset class that you can rely on in a good market environment as well as in times of uncertainty,”

“During global market uncertainty and slow economic growth, gold has maintained a reputation as a haven asset.”

TAKRAF provides advanced conveying system in backfill project

World Coal, June 18, 2024

“TAKRAF South Africa has provided design, engineering, and construction support services for the third phase of a major backfill project for a coal mining complex in Limpopo, South Africa.”

“The project comprises the extension of one of the mine’s backfilling systems, which are used to convey and deposit the plant discard materials in the mined-out area of the pit, behind the mining operations.”

“Currently, the mine processes an average of 5 million t ROM per month, of which 50% is discard, and depends entirely on two backfilling systems for the disposal of its waste.”

Fibre-reinforced shotcrete gains traction in mining

Mining Review Africa, June 18, 2024

“In recent years, the mining industry in South Africa has become a major user of fibre-reinforced shotcrete for underground support. In line with this trend, CHRYSO Southern Africa reports growing demand for its market-leading CHRYSO® CSF 6000 high performance macro-synthetic fibres.”

“Fall of ground (FOG) – one of the leading causes of injuries and fatalities in underground mines – remains one of the biggest obstacles to the industry’s quest for Zero Harm in South Africa”

NIGERIA

Nigeria’s oil production drops to 1.25mbpd, says OPEC

Punch, June 13, 2024

“Nigeria’s daily oil production dipped further to 1.25 million barrels per day in May, a report by the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries has said. This is despite the claim by the Federal Government and the Nigerian National Petroleum Company Limited that the country’s oil production has risen to 1.7mbpd.”

“OPEC data showed that Nigeria lost 30,000bpd as crude production dropped from 1.28mbpd in April to 1.25mpd in May.”

“The continuous drop in production came amid stakeholders’ concerns over the loss of revenue due to the failure of the government to ramp up production.”

“But the Federal Government said the drop in Nigeria’s crude oil production was due to issues encountered on the Trans Niger Pipeline, coupled with maintenance activities carried out by some oil companies operating across the country.”

Oil Mafia Tried To Sabotage Refinery Project, Says Dangote

Channels tv, June 13, 2024

“The Chairman of the Dangote Group Aliko Dangote has accused those he described as oil mafia of trying to sabotage the refinery project.”

“When asked if the group is local or foreign, he said, “Both. There is a local one and a global one. It is all mixed up. They tried all sorts but you know, I’m a person that has been fighting all my life. So, I think it’s part of my life to fight.”

“Dangote Petroleum Refinery has commenced production of diesel and aviation fuel,” the group said. “This is a big day for Nigeria. We are delighted to have reached this significant milestone.”

“The 650,000 barrel-per-day Dangote refinery is expected to be a game changer when fully operational by helping end Nigeria’s reliance on fuel imports. It sits on 2,635 hectares (6,500 acres) of land at the Lekki Free Zone on the edge of Lagos and costs an estimated $19 billion.”

“Though one of Africa’s largest oil producers and the continent’s top economy, Nigeria relies almost totally on imported fuel and diesel because of a lack of refining capacity.”

Nigeria’s Seplat says NNPC has withdrawn challenge to $1.3 bln Exxon deal

Reuters, June 14, 2024

“Seplat Energy (SEPLAT.LG) is pursuing a swift conclusion to its $1.28 billion acquisition of ExxonMobil’s (XOM.N) Nigerian shallow water oil assets, it said on Friday after being notified that NNPC had halted a legal challenge to the deal. State oil company NNPC had challenged Exxon’s sale of the assets to Seplat, saying it had first right of refusal. The deal was further held up by regulatory issues.”

“Analysts have said that the Exxon-Seplat deal would inject much-needed capital into Nigeria’s oil industry, potentially leading to improved output. It would also signal to investors that similar deals, such as Shell’s asset sale to Renaissance in January, are likely to gain regulatory approval.”

Nigerian govt to revoke firm’s licence after illegal mining activities killed three in Niger

Daily Post, June 16, 2024

“The Nigerian federal government has said it will revoke the mining licence of a mining company over the deaths of three miners in Niger State’s recent mining site collapse.”

“The minister noted that preliminary investigations indicated that the collapsed mine was in an area under Exploration Licence 43113, granted to Jurassic Mines Limited in Adunu Village, Paikoro Local Government Area, Niger State. It was noted that the miners were not authorised to conduct mining activities but rather only given an exploration licence, which permits an applicant to confirm the site’s suitability for proposed mineral exploration.”

“Alake said, “At the time of the visit, work had stopped at the site, and only onlookers were seen. The coordinates of the site were taken, and officials returned to Minna at about 8:30 pm. The owners of the company were contacted by phone, but they claimed ignorance of happenings on the site. They were then summoned to the office in the state capital.”

ANALYSIS OF CRUDE OIL PRODUCTION IN AFRICA

Africa 24, June 16, 2024

“Nigeria led the pack with 1.34 million BPD according to secondary sources, reaffirming its position as a top crude producer in Africa.”

“The increase in production levels signifies potential economic growth and stability for Nigeria and presents opportunities for further investment in the country’s oil industry.”

“In conclusion, the latest data on crude oil production in Africa, particularly Nigeria’s performance, provides valuable insights into the dynamics of the continent’s oil industry. As Africa continues to be a key player in the global oil market, the findings underscore the importance of sustainable oil production practices and strategic investments in the sector.”

NIGERIAN UPSTREAM PETROLEUM REGULATORY COMMISSION ANNOUNCES 2024 OIL BLOCK LICENSING ROUND

Africa 24, June 16, 2024

“The Nigerian Upstream Petroleum Regulatory Commission (NUPRC) has recently unveiled plans for the commencement of the 2024 oil block licensing round. This initiative, spearheaded by Chief Executive Gbenga Komolafe, aims to boost national reserves, stimulate economic growth, and promote transparency in the oil and gas sector.”

“The licensing process aligns with the Petroleum Industry Act 2021, ensuring compliance with industry best practices and boosting investor confidence. The availability of advanced seismic data and analytical tools showcases Nigeria’s dedication to excellence and technological advancement in the oil and gas sector.”

“The licensing round presents us with the opportunity to reinforce Nigeria’s commitment to openness and transparency in line with the principles of the Extractive Industry Transparency Initiative (EITI).”

“On a global scale, the licensing round is expected to benefit all stakeholders, contributing to long-term global energy sufficiency. Furthermore, the implementation process will prioritize strategies aligned with net zero carbon emission targets, emphasizing the importance of sustainability in the energy sector.”

ALGERIA

Riots erupt in drought-stricken central Algeria over months of water shortages

ABC. News, June 11, 2024

“Violent riots erupted in a drought-stricken Algerian desert city last weekend after months of water shortages left taps running dry and forced residents to queue to access water for their households.”

“The unrest followed demands from President Abdelmajid Tebboune to rectify the suffering. At a council of ministers meeting last week, he implored his cabinet to implement “emergency measures” in Tiaret. Several government ministers were later sent to “ask for an apology from the population” and to promise that access to drinking water would be restored.”

“Algeria’s long-term solution would be to pipe water from larger dams further north and south from Tiaret and shift to alternative supplies, including desalination plants that the country has heavily invested in. But in the meantime, officials are trying to import water from nearby sources.”

“Cosider, the public company responsible for the region’s water infrastructure, hopes to finish new pipelines by July to bring groundwater to Tiaret from wells 20 miles (32 kilometers) away.”

Algeria’s Shale Gas Potential Draws US Majors

Energy Intel, June 13, 2024

“In what would be a major boost to its upstream, Algeria may be on the cusp of attracting two US supermajors to exploit and develop its vast shale gas resources. Chevron signed a heads of agreement this week with state Sonatrach to develop hydrocarbon resources in the southern Ahnet and eastern Berkine basins.”

“Exxon Mobil, meanwhile, has yet to comment on the status of its own talks with Sonatrach. Attracting both companies would be no small feat for a country that during its last auction in 2014 awarded just four licenses out of 31 fields on offer.”

“Over 2012-14, majors including Shell considered wide-scale shale gas investment in southern Algeria until exploratory drilling by Sonatrach triggered social protests, leading to the suspension of activity. But if they can pull off the technical challenges of drilling in the Sahara desert, Algeria has the gas export infrastructure on Europe’s doorstep that could make shale development an attractive proposition.”

“Majors have for years avoided Algeria’s upstream in favor of better opportunities elsewhere. Since 2019, Algiers has updated its hydrocarbon legislation to attract more foreign investment, but upstream technological improvements and geopolitics appear to be driving the latest shale drive.”

“With Europe’s need to wean itself off Russian gas, it has sought more volumes from existing suppliers Norway and Algeria, among others. The North African state’s enormous shale gas reserves have revived interest from deep-pocketed majors who believe they have the technical expertise to make it work.”

Algeria liberation front backs Tebboune for second term

Middle East Monitor, June 14, 2024

“Algeria’s National Liberation Front has announced that it would back President Abdelmadjid Tebboune if he were to seek a second presidential term, citing“positive outcomes in his first term.” He stressed that Tebboune has successfully stabilised the pillars of the state and its institutions in a short time, rather than wasting time settling scores.”

“Ben Mubarak added that his party will be an important figure in the upcoming election, adding that “it was and still is the strongest national force in the country because of its embrace of the liberation revolution values.”

Algerians Fear Far-Right Government Lineup in France Following Early Legislative Elections

Asharq Al-Awsat, June 15, 2024

“Observers in Algeria are attentively anticipating the outcome of the early legislative elections expected to be held in France in two rounds on 30 June and 7 July, fearing it could leave negative effects on relations between the two countries if a far-right government gets formed.”

“Algerian President Abdelmadjid Tebboune is set to visit Paris in September or October, according to a previous arrangement between both capitals.”

“Meanwhile, legislative elections in France could produce a far-right government for the first time since World War II and therefore, significantly affect Paris’ relationship with Algiers.”

“But amid the recent developments in France, many Algerians fear that a government headed by the far right would affect the granting of visas to Algerians and the 1968 Franco-Algerian agreement, which frames the humanitarian aspect of bilateral relations of both countries.”

“Algerian authorities are also paying particular attention to the thousands of irregular Algerian migrants in France, and the management of a complex file of memory between the two sides.”

ANGOLA

Angola Oil & Gas (AOG) 2024: Angola’s Premier Deal Signing Platform

Africa.com, June 14, 2024

“The Angola Oil&Gas (AOG) conference and exhibition returns for its fifth edition from October 2-3 in Luanda, uniting foreign investors and project developers with Angolan projects. Since the event’s inception in 2019, AOG has consistently facilitated industry-advancing deals. This trend of fostering strategic partnerships and driving investment in Angola’s oil and gas sector is set to continue in 2024, as regional and global stakeholders converge to do business in Angola.”

“During AOG 2022, agreements were signed between Angola’s Ministry of Mineral Resources, Petroleum and Gas and Namibia’s Ministry of Energy and Mines; the ANPG and Sierra Leone’s Petroleum Directorate; and Equatorial Guinea’s Ministry of Mines and Hydrocarbons and the DRC’s Ministry of Hydrocarbons.”

“The conference program for 2024 is structured to address the most critical opportunities and challenges within Angola’s oil and gas industry. Endorsed by the Ministry of Mineral Resources, Petroleum and Gas, the event aligns closely with national objectives to increase oil production to two million barrels per day in the long-term, while increasing the share of natural gas in the energy matrix to 25%.”

Oil & gas firm expands its offshore portfolio in Angola

Offshore Energy, June 18, 2024

“Angolan integrated energy player, Etu Energies, former Somoil, has expanded its list of assets off the coast of Angola by finalizing its deal with Galp, a Portuguese oil and gas company, for stakes in three offshore blocks operated by two oil majors, France’s TotalEnergies and the U.S.-based Chevron.”

“Following a purchase and sale agreement struck on February 10, 2023, with proceeds that could reach $830 million, the conclusion of the deal was confirmed a few days ago. Thanks to this, Etu Energias has wrapped up the indirect acquisition of Galp’s 5% stake in Block 32, 9% in Block 14, and 4.5% in Block 14K in Angolan waters.”

“Furthermore, the Angolan player explained that the financing for the deal was provided by a consortium led by the African Export-Import Bank (Afrexim Bank), which included Shell Western Supply and Trading, Banco Angolano de Investimento (BAI), and Banco de Fomento Angola (BFA).”

EGYPT

Egypt Turns to LNG Imports to Counter Blackouts

Oil Price, June 14, 2024

“Egypt looks to import in the coming months the highest number of LNG cargoes in years as it looks to ease the strain on its grid and industry amid energy shortages that have led to rolling blackouts this summer.”

“Egyptian Natural Gas Holding Co, the state gas company, is seeking to purchase at least 17 LNG cargoes for delivery over the next three months, traders familiar with the company’s tender to the market told Bloomberg.”

“Egypt, which aims to become a regional gas hub, has been exporting LNG to Europe from its terminals on the Mediterranean with gas from domestic production and from fields offshore Israel.”

GHANA

Ghana sees a 4.3% growth in mineral revenue

African Mining Market, June 13, 2024

“The Ghana Chamber of Mines has reported a 4.3% growth in mineral revenue from its producing member companies, rising from US$5.6 billion in 2022 to US$5.8 billion in 2023.”

“According to President of the Chamber, Michael Akafia, the growth was primarily driven by an expansion in gold export receipts which offset a downturn in manganese export proceeds. “Gold production revenue rose from US$5.4 billion in 2022 to US$5.7 billion in 2023, marking a growth of 4.8%. In contrast, manganese revenue declined from US$201.4 million to US$183.2 million – equivalent to a downturn of 9%” he stated.”

“The rise in gold revenue was primarily due to an increase in price of the yellow metal, which compensated for a contraction in output from 3 million ounces in 2022 to 2.9 million ounces in 2023.”

Ghana to Restrict Export of Raw Bauxite

Energy Capital Power, June 13, 2024

“Ghana is set to enact new legislation to restrict the export of raw bauxite, as part of efforts to develop an integrated local aluminum industry.”

“Announced last week by Ghana’s Minister of Lands and Natural Resources Samuel Abu Jinapor, the initiative is designed to monetize the country’s estimated 900 million tons of bauxite reserves.”

“The move aligns with the Ghanaian President Nana Akufo-Addo’s commitment to promoting in-country value addition, local content development and the long-term viability of Ghana’s mining industry.”

Ghana braces for three weeks of power cuts

BBC, June 14, 2024

“Power cuts are expected to last at least another three weeks in parts of Ghana because of a shortage of supplies from Nigeria.”

“A statement from the state power firm said a temporary shutdown for maintenance works at an unnamed Nigerian gas supplier was to blame.”

“Power demand has steadily increased over the past two decades, partly due to rapid urbanisation and population growth.”

“To end the shortfall, Ghana’s government will have to stump up around $400m (£315m) to buy gas and liquid fuel for power plants. A growing debt may be behind the power shortages that started early this year.”

Comprehensive Support: The Ghanaian Government’s Initiatives in Community Mining

Modern Ghana, June 16, 2024

“Community mining in Ghana has evolved in response to challenges posed by large-scale mining activities, which often led to environmental degradation and social conflicts. Artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM), including illegal operations (galamsey), became prevalent due to limited access to formal mining licenses and economic opportunities for local communities.”

“The ASM sector plays a crucial role in Ghana’s economy, contributing significantly to employment, revenue generation through taxes and royalties, and local development. However, challenges such as environmental degradation, health hazards from improper mining practices (e.g., use of mercury), and social tensions persist.”

“The Minerals and Mining Act of 2006 (Act 703) forms the cornerstone of Ghana’s mining legislation, providing the legal framework for mining operations, including ASM. The Act outlines provisions for licensing, environmental management, and community engagement, aiming to ensure sustainable mining practices.”

“Operation Vanguard, a joint military and police task force, was launched to enforce mining laws, dismantle illegal mining operations, and restore degraded lands. The task force conducts regular patrols, raids on illegal mining sites, and arrests perpetrators, demonstrating a firm commitment to law enforcement and environmental protection.”

“Promoting transparency and good governance in the mining sector is essential for sustainable development. The Ghana Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (GHEITI) promotes accountability by disclosing mining revenues, royalties, and contributions to local development.”

Ghana’s Industrial Minerals and Lithium: A Gateway to Global Growth

Modern Ghana, June 16, 2024

“The country’s mining sector has historically been dominated by gold production, but in recent years, other industrial minerals have gained prominence.”

“Gold: Ghana is Africa’s largest gold producer, with substantial reserves and a well-established mining infrastructure. The sector contributes significantly to Ghana’s economy through export earnings and employment.”

“Bauxite: Ghana possesses high-quality bauxite deposits, which are essential for aluminum production. The Atewa Forest Reserve, in particular, has attracted attention due to its rich bauxite reserves.”

“Manganese: Critical for steel production, Ghana’s manganese deposits are vital for both domestic consumption and export.”

“Limestone: Used extensively in construction and cement production, limestone deposits in Ghana support infrastructure development and industrial activities.”

“In addition to traditional industrial minerals, Ghana has recently been recognized for its potential in lithium production. Lithium, a key component in rechargeable batteries and essential for electric vehicles and energy storage systems, has sparked new interest in Ghana’s mining sector.”

“Several factors contribute to Ghana’s attractiveness for global investors and its forecasted growth in the mining sector:

Political Stability: Ghana is renowned for its stable political environment and commitment to democratic governance, which provides a conducive business climate for investors.
Supportive Regulatory Framework: The Ghanaian government has implemented policies to promote transparency, sustainability, and investment in the mining sector. These include the Minerals and Mining Act and initiatives to streamline permitting processes.
Infrastructure Development: Ongoing investments in infrastructure, including transportation networks and energy supply, support the expansion of mining operations and facilitate export activities.
Market Demand: Rising global demand for minerals and metals, driven by urbanization, industrialization, and technological advancements, creates opportunities for Ghana to expand its export markets beyond Africa.”

“Case Studies and Success Stories: Several case studies highlight successful partnerships and investments in Ghana’s mining industry:

Newmont Corporation: The American mining giant operates two of Ghana’s largest gold mines, Ahafo and Akyem, contributing significantly to local economies and sustainable development initiatives.
AngloGold Ashanti: Another major player in Ghana’s gold mining sector, AngloGold Ashanti has invested in exploration and community development projects, supporting socio-economic growth.
Advantage Lithium: The Australian company has shown interest in Ghana’s lithium potential, exploring opportunities to develop lithium extraction projects in the country.”

DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO

Congo to buy out UAE partner in gold venture as shipments slump

Mining.com, June 12, 2024

“Democratic Republic of Congo is finalizing a deal to take full control of a gold-export joint venture from its Emirati partner, after shipments slumped.”

“Congo started Primera Gold DRC SA in January 2023 with Abu Dhabi-registered Primera Group Ltd. in a bid to crack down on the gold smuggling that fuels conflicts in the country’s eastern provinces. The partnership sold 5 tons of hand-mined gold, worth about $300 million, in its first year of operation, but sales have since plunged despite more ambitious goals for 2024.”

“Congo will purchase all of the shares that belong to Primera Group at a price that will be set following ongoing discussions,” Primera Gold said in a response to questions sent through a spokesperson for Congo’s President, Felix Tshisekedi.”

“The government will continue to manage the company, while Primera Group will develop a separate venture to refine tin, tantalum and tungsten from the region, it said.”

3 killed, UN peacekeepers wounded in eastern DR Congo

VOA, Junne 16, 2024

“A Romanian “mercenary” and two Congolese soldiers were killed, and a U.N. peacekeeper was wounded in three separate incidents in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, several sources said Sunday.”

“A security official in the east of the country told AFP on the condition of anonymity that a private military contractor was killed, and three others wounded Saturday by a missile strike on a Congolese army base around 10 kilometers (6 miles) north of Goma.”

“The origin of the strike was not confirmed.”

‘Horrifying’: ISIS Kills 80 Christians, Decapitating Victims in Democratic Republic of Congo

CBN, June 17, 2024

“ISIS has claimed responsibility for recent attacks in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) that resulted in the death of more than 80 Christians and the closure of several churches in the nation.”

“The Islamic terrorist group said through a post on their Telegram channel, “More than 60 Christians were killed, including a Congolese army officer, in an attack by Caliphate soldiers in eastern Congo.”

“It was the latest in a series of attacks where jihadists with the ISIS-affiliated Allied Democratic Forces launched coordinated assaults in North Kivu province.”

“A Congolese spokesperson told Reuters there were additional attacks in other areas including Masawu village on June 4 that left 15 dead, Mununze village where six were found dead in a river, and five bodies were found in Kabweli and Mamulese communities.”

Rwanda will not take responsibility for DR Congo’s domestic issues – Kagame

New Times, June 18, 2024

“President Paul Kagame has reiterated that Rwanda has no involvement in the ongoing conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo, noting that the issues that have nearly lasted for three decades should be solved by the Kinshasa government and the international community.”

“Speaking during an interview with the national broadcaster on Monday, President Kagame was asked whether the DR Congo issue goes beyond scapegoating Rwanda, making the Head of State the target. Kagame said that the problems in DR Congo have been around for a long time, adding that it was absurd when are termed as Rwanda’s making.”

Rampant cobalt smuggling and corruption deny billions to DRC

Institute for Security Studies, June 18, 2024

“The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is the world’s leading cobalt producer, contributing around 70% to global production. However, complex levels of organised crime occur along the supply chain of this strategic mineral from the DRC.”

“These include illegal mining, smuggling and collusion between illegal miners, organised criminal gangs, and state-embedded actors involved in its extraction and trade.”

“Cobalt plays a crucial role in powering modern technology. It’s used to produce lithium-ion batteries, integral to electric vehicles, computers and smartphones.”

“With the increasing shift towards renewable energy sources, there’s a massive demand for these batteries. Global demand for cobalt is projected to quadruple by 2030, primarily for electric vehicles.”

“Cobalt smuggling is aided by corruption at the borders with Rwanda, Uganda, Burundi and Tanzania, where poorly paid security officials are easily bribed. Border police reportedly know which vehicles smugglers use and turn a blind eye for a kickback.”

“Soldiers and border law enforcement officers sometimes provide security for smugglers conveying cobalt to neighbouring countries.”

ZIMBABWE

Zimbabwe approves significant expansion of Pambili’s Golden Valley project

African Mining Market, June 18, 2024

“Pambili Natural Resources Corporation is pleased to confirm that the Company’s application to convert the 50-hectare milling site surrounding the Golden Valley mine to a series of five 10-hectare mining claims has been approved by Zimbabwe’s Ministry of Mines.”

Golden Valley Project

Source: africanminingmarket.com

“The conversion enables Pambili to continue its exploration of Golden Valley over a much larger, highly prospective area.
Golden Valley is Pambili’s flagship project, located on the Bulawayo greenstone belt in Zimbabwe’s Matabeleland Province. The project has a history of high-grade gold production and includes a gold processing plant, a stamp mill, and two historic adits.”

“Pambili believes the project has been underexplored and has the potential to host shallow sources of ore for nearer-term gold production along with larger, underground discoveries.”

“The Company’s planned underground drilling program at Golden Valley was recently endorsed by an independent technical report prepared by Gayle Hanssen BSc. (Hons.) Geology, an independent geologist who is a qualified person as defined by NI 43-101.”

MOZAMBIQUE

‘Double attack’: The curse of natural gas and armed groups in Mozambique

Al Jazeera, June 16, 2024

“Named for the slim shape of the cape, Cabo Delgado may as well be a reference to the narrow margins on which people reliant on the land and the sea live.”

“The province is known for its deep ruby pits and the illegal trade in ivory and timber. It is also where the war for independence against the Portuguese began in the 1960s and was a battleground in the Mozambican Civil War that followed.”

“The development of the Mozambique Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) Project has unfolded against the backdrop of another conflict, the same one that spurred Salama’s dash to the Afungi gate. These combatants call themselves al-Shabab, or “the youth”  in Arabic, although they have no connection to the better known group with the same name in Somalia.”

“The presence of a major gas project in Palma contributes to a web of socioeconomic and political frustrations and heightens pressure on the Mozambican army and on international troops stationed in Cabo Delgado to guard the investment.”

Could graphite for electric vehicles make Mozambique rich or will the opportunity be squandered?

Intellinews, June 17, 2024

“Mozambique boasts some of the largest graphite deposits globally, making it an important player in the worldwide electric vehicle (EV) supply chain.”

“Mozambique provides almost 10% of the world’s graphite, a figure which is set to increase to around 15% by the end of the decade.”

“Balama is one of the biggest large-flake deposits globally. The mining project, which began commercial production in 2019, has mineral reserves of 108mn tonnes grading 16% total graphitic carbon and mineral resources of 1.42bn tonnes grading 10% TGC. It involves two open-cast mines and is operated by Twigg Exploration and Resources, a Syrah subsidiary.”

“During the past few years, the hydrocarbons sector has secured most investment but mining also has tremendous potential. The natural gas industry is a rapidly expanding sector, with several large gas fields being developed for export.”

“The mining sector contributed 10.5% to GDP in 2022 but the government forecasts it will grow to 18.6% during 2024, owing to an increase in the production of minerals that are of global importance such as heavy sands, tantalite, gold, coal and graphite.”

CHINA IN AFRICA

Central African Republic suspends activities of Chinese mining company

Africa News, June 10, 2024

“The country’s Ministry of Mines has accused Daqing SARL, a Chinese gold and diamond mining company, of “intelligence with armed groups, illegal mining, illegal introduction of foreign subjects into mining areas, non-payment of taxes and absence of activity reports”, in the decree, which was made public on Saturday.”

“The country remains one of the poorest in the world despite its vast mineral wealth, notably gold and diamonds. Over the past decade, rebel groups have operated with impunity in the conflict-ridden country, preventing foreign companies from carrying out mineral exploration.”

“Last year, nine Chinese nationals were killed at another gold mine in the Central African Republic. The government attributed the attack to the same rebel alliance. In 2020, two Chinese nationals died when local residents led an uprising against a Chinese-operated mine in the south of the country.”

As China scrambles for Zimbabwe’s lithium, small miners are left behind

Al Jazeera, June 12, 2024

“Zimbabwe has the world’s fifth-largest reserves of lithium – which is an essential component of the rechargeable batteries used in things like mobile phones and electric vehicles.”

“There are several companies engaged in lithium exploration and mining in the country, but small-scale miners have developed an interest in the sector too.”

“As a part of those efforts, Zimbabwe’s government moved to ban exports of unprocessed raw lithium in 2022, arguing that the country would get more revenue from the mineral if companies were allowed to export only processed lithium.
The ban was also aimed at curbing the smuggling of raw lithium through the country’s porous borders with neighbouring South Africa and Mozambique. However, it has had adverse consequences for many small-scale miners working in the sector.”

“But Brenda (an artisanal miner) does not have the resources to process the lithium, so she sells the raw mineral to Chinese buyers in Zimbabwe, who then process it locally before exporting it. “The Chinese are connected. We cannot do without them. They determine the prices. Our options are limited,” she said.”

“China, which is the leading consumer of lithium given its role in the manufacturing and exports of lithium-ion batteries, is leading the scramble for the light metal in Zimbabwe.”

“While the Chinese will help Zimbabwe’s target to generate $20bn from mining by 2030, there is a price to be paid by the locals from the hunt for lithium by miners from the Asian nation.”

“Farai Maguwu, director of the Centre for Natural Resources Governance (CNRG), an organisation which defends the rights of communities affected by extractive industries, said the Chinese extractive model is detested by patriotic and responsible Zimbabweans.”

“They bribe powerful politicians to buy their silence when they violate people’s rights,” Maguwu told Al Jazeera, echoing accusations that have been made against Chinese mining companies that they have evicted villagers from ancestral lands without following due process, and that they are responsible for environmental, air and water pollution in lithium-rich areas across Zimbabwe.”

Exploring the Role of Narratives in China-Africa Relations

Africa Policy Research Institute, June 12, 2024

“In Europe, China’s growing influence in Africa is often framed as a threat to ‘the West’ or even the entire continent. But, as the panel experts and authors of this report show, Africa’s China narratives are different and, most importantly, not homogeneous.”

“Over the years, Western-led multilateral development banks, private capital and bilateral development aid have played massive roles in the development choices of global South countries.”

“An example of such a narrative is the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), which is woven together through a set of narratives around connectivity, South–South cooperation, new modes of development and China’s infrastructure-led development model. The country’s leaders use this narrative in their rhetoric with developing countries, which are then seduced by it and seek, at least to some extent, to emulate it.”

“US–China rivalry may not constitute an either-or dilemma for ordinary African citizens, but rather a win-win situation. Similarly, the data also goes against the ‘democratic backsliding’ narrative promoted by several Western powers in light of China’s growing and multifaceted engagement in Africa.”

“Surveyed Africans considered China’s economic influence to be largely positive but also responded that they themselves largely adhere to democratic norms.”

“This suggests a separation between welcoming China’s economic influence and an adherence to and copying of Chinese political norms and governance model, to the detriment of civil liberties.”

China and Russia Are Beating the US in Africa

Bloomberg, June 13, 2024

“Africa, with 60% of the arable land on the planet, 30% of the mineral reserves and a population approaching 1.5 billion, is an increasingly vital region for global security. Unfortunately, the US has not been adapting to a rapidly changing scene. In the latest blow, US troops have been forced to leave Niger, where the Pentagon had enjoyed a longstanding security partnership.”

“At the same time, Russia and China are consolidating political and military influence across the continent. Russian paramilitaries and mercenaries, using the model of the now-defunct Wagner Group, have been operating in Mali, Congo, the Central African Republic and other states.”

“Autocratic leaders are hoping for economic benefits from Beijing’s Belt and Road initiative — and to purchase AI-enhanced versions of the equipment that has made China a surveillance state.”

Algeria’s massive iron ore deposit could be a lifeline to China

Intellinews, June 17, 2024

“Algeria is Africa’s biggest natural gas producer and fourth largest oil producer but is also rich in minerals. As well as mining metals such as gold, iron ore, silver and zinc, Algeria produces a wide variety of industrial mineral commodities, including ammonia, barite, cement, clay (bentonite, common, kaolin), diatomite, dolomite, feldspar, gypsum, lime, perlite, phosphate rock, pumice and pumicite (pozzolan), salt, sand, gravel, schist, stone (limestone and marble), sulphur, travertine, tuff, and urea.”

“Yet iron ore is the country’s stand-out mineral. The Gâra Djebilet deposit — located in the southwestern province of Tindouf — has reserves of 3.5bn metric tonnes (mt) and 1.7bn mt are exploitable. The ore contains 90% iron. It is one of the largest iron ore mother lodes in the world.”

“To diversify the economy away from oil and gas, the government is pushing three key mining projects — the Gâra Djebilet iron ore deposit, alongside an integrated steel plant; the Bled El Hadba phosphate project located at the eastern edge of the Saharan Atlas in the Tébessa region; and the Tala Hamza zinc-lead deposit located within the Oued Amizour permit area, some 15km from the Mediterranean city of Bejaia.”

“In June 2023, a partnership agreement was signed between FERAAL, the Algerian state-owned iron and steel company, and CMH, a Chinese consortium, to mine Gâra Djebilet West’s iron ore body.”

“The agreement paves the way for the establishment of two joint Algerian-Chinese companies — with the first focused on operating the mine and the second in Béchar district dedicated to constructing a complex for transforming the iron ore into semi-finished materials. In effect, it gives Baowu, the Beijing-owned steel conglomerate, control of the Gâra-Djebilet mine.”

“Currently, Beijing imports almost all its iron ore from only two countries — Australia (79%) and Brazil (19%) — but it wants to distance itself from Australia and diversify its iron ore sources amid a diplomatic spat between the two countries. Experts say that Algeria has turned out to be China’s easy option to source iron ore.”

“With vast reserves and ambitious development plans, Algeria could emerge as a key player in the international iron ore market, potentially reducing China’s reliance on its traditional suppliers. However, challenges such as high phosphorus content and environmental concerns must be addressed.”

[Further Reading: https://afripoli.org/exploring-the-role-of-narratives-in-china-africa-relations]

What $7 bn ‘minerals-for-infra’ pact with China could mean for Democratic Republic of Congo

The Print, June 18, 2024

“Russia and China are “partners coming through the front door” and conduct relations without “arrogance”, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) President Felix Tshisekedi said in May.”

“He surmised that Russia and China would “come out on top” — a reference to jostling with the West over influence in Africa. As President of the DRC since 2019, Tshisekedi represents a resource-rich country in the heart of Africa with a population of nearly 100 million and a GDP per capita of $653.7 (World Bank) as of 2022.”

Niger group claims attack on China-backed pipeline, threatens more

Reuters, June 18, 2024

“An armed group opposed to Niger’s ruling junta disabled a section of the country’s PetroChina-funded (601857.SS) crude oil pipeline in an attack on Sunday night, it said in a statement.”

“The pipeline has a capacity of 90,000 barrel per day (bpd) and extends for nearly 2,000 km (1,243-mile) linking Niger’s Agadem oilfield to Benin’s coast.”